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In Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), a decision-maker must choose among a finite number of alternatives based on multiple, often conflicting, criteria (attributes).

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The paper concludes that TOPSIS is a robust and reliable method for ranking alternatives. It effectively handles the trade-offs between conflicting criteria, providing a clear ranking order for decision-makers.


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The paper outlines a step-by-step algorithm to process the decision matrix: Security Note: Always scan downloaded

  • Calculate the Weighted Normalized Decision Matrix: Decision-makers assign weights ($w_j$) to criteria based on importance.

  • Determine the Ideal and Negative-Ideal Solutions:

  • Calculate Separation Measures: Calculate the Euclidean distance of each alternative from the Ideal Solution ($S_i^+$) and the Negative-Ideal Solution ($S_i^-$).

  • Calculate the Relative Closeness to the Ideal Solution: The relative closeness ($C_i$) of alternative $A_i$ is defined as: $$C_i = \fracS_i^-S_i^+ + S_i^-$$

  • Rank the Alternatives: Alternatives are ranked in descending order of the closeness coefficient ($C_i$). The highest value is the best choice.